. What do you understand by the term “brain drain”. State its favorable and unfavorable effects on a country. What steps should be taken by the government to tackle with this problem.

Human capital flight, more commonly referred to as "brain drain", is the small-scale emigration of a large group of individuals with technical skills or knowledge.

 The reasons usually include two aspects which respectively come from countries and individuals. In terms of countries, the reasons may be social environment (in source countries: lack of opportunities, political instability, economic depression, health risks; in host countries: rich opportunities, political stability and freedom, developed economy, better living conditions). In terms of individual reasons, there is family influence (overseas relatives, and personal preference: preference for exploring, ambition for an improved career, etc.).

The biggest benefit of brain drain is that all those individual brains will get the opportunity to nurture in another atmosphere where they get more support as well as have more freedom to boom and this is why they leave. From a universal point of view, it will help talents develop and not be shattered. Furthermore, the knowledge that those young brilliant people gain overseas will be very helpful if they choose in a later phase to go back as well as settle down or engage in their country. The fact that young cultured people leave the country in the present situation is not only good for them, however it is good for the world.

However on the other side, Brain drain is a severe loss due to the flow of the competent and effective sector of the country particularly oil producing states which are now in terrible need for trained and highly skilled employees. Brain drain influences all level of education in the world which suffers illiteracy estimation at 70 million people. The economy can also be affected due to expenditure on study whether state funded or privately. The migration even broadens the gap between the rich and poor countries. Brain drain is advantageous to the beneficiary countries as well as loss to countries of origin, because it deprives these countries from the innovations of their subjects. Such countries as a result have become culturally and technologically dependent on the West.

An answer to this would be to encourage entrepreneurs to produce employment. The Government is supposed to give concessions in tax as well as decrease the hassles concerned in setting up an industry. In this way we could make India’s workforce one of its major asset